What potential hazards are associated with ice formation at the surface?

Ice formation at the surface is primarily associated with the creation of slippery conditions on roads and pathways, which poses significant hazards. When water freezes, it can create a layer of ice that makes surfaces extremely slick, increasing the risk of slips and falls for pedestrians and creating dangerous driving conditions for vehicles. This can lead to accidents, injuries, and even fatalities if appropriate caution is not exercised.

In the context of the other options, while increased air pollution or power outages could occur due to other weather conditions or events, they are not directly associated with the immediate impact of ice formation. Similarly, the enhancement of agricultural outputs is not a relevant concern, as ice formation can actually be detrimental to crops and agricultural productivity. The slippery conditions created by ice are the most direct and hazardous consequence of its formation on the surface.