What do sea/swell observations primarily report on?

Sea and swell observations primarily focus on the conditions of the ocean's surface, specifically relating to the behavior of wind and waves. These observations provide critical information about the height of both wind waves and swell. Wind waves are generated by local winds and typically have a shorter wavelength, while swell waves are longer, more uniform waves that can travel great distances from their point of generation.

The significance of collecting data on wind and swell wave heights lies in their impact on maritime operations, weather forecasting, and environmental studies. Knowledge about the heights of these waves allows for better preparation for sea travel and enhances safety for vessels navigating through challenging conditions. Monitoring this data is essential for understanding ocean current interactions and for marine research.

In contrast, other observations such as air pressure changes, hourly temperature fluctuations, and cloud cover primarily address different aspects of the environment and weather but do not provide the detailed surface wave information that is essential when evaluating sea state conditions.